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User Equipment Receiver Design Examples

Introduction

The WCDMA3G_UE_Rx_prj project shows 3GPP W-CDMA user equipment receiver measurements, including reference sensitivity levels, maximum input levels, adjacent channel selectivity, in-band blocking characteristics, and intermodulation characteristics.

Designs for these measurements include:

  • Reference sensitivity levels: UE_Rx_RefLevel.dsn, UE_Rx_RefLevel_Without_IF.dsn
  • Maximum input levels: UE_Rx_MaxLevel.dsn
  • Adjacent channel selectivity: UE_Rx_ACS.dsn
  • In-band blocking characteristics: UE_Rx_In_Band_Blocking.dsn
  • Intermodulation characteristics: UE_Rx_Intermod.dsn

In the 3GPPFDD_DL_Source model, one 12.2 kbps DTCH (dedicated transport channel) and one 2.4kbps DCCH (dedicated control channel) are multiplexed into one 60kbps DPCH. Measurement channels are output, including 1DPCH, 1PCCPCH (primary common control physical channel), 1PSCH (primary synchronization channel), 1SSCH (secondary synchronization channel), 1CPICH (common pilot channel), and 1PICH (page indication channel).

The data source of the baseband output from 3GPPFDD_DL_Source is modulated to be RF signal by WCDMA3G_RF_Mod. The IF to RF upconverter is removed to save simulation time. RF frequency is 2140 MHz. This signal is then weakened by RF channel (GainRF model). At the receiver side, the received signal is demodulated to the baseband signal by RF_RX_IFout1 and WCDMA3G_RF_Demod, and recovered by 3GPPFDD_DL_Rx_RefCH. IF frequency is 190 MHz.

In measurement of UE Rx characteristics, channels transmitted are set according to the following table except for Maximum Input Level measurement.

Downlink Physical Channels Transmitted During a Connection

Physical Channel

Power

P-CPICH

P-CPICH_Ec / DPCH_Ec = 7 dB

P-CCPCH

P-CCPCH_Ec / DPCH_Ec = 5 dB

SCH

SCH_Ec / DPCH_Ec = 5 dB

PICH

PICH_Ec / DPCH_Ec = 2 dB

DPCH

Test dependent power

The SCH power shall be divided equally between Primary and Secondary Synchronous channels, so the P-SCH_Ec/DPCH_Ec = S-SCH_Ec/DPCH_Ec = 2 dB.

UE_Rx_DPCH_Ec_to_Ior.dsn is used to calibrate the gain of each channel.

In case of Maximum Input Level measurement, the OCNS interference is set to necessary power to achieve the required DPCH_Ec/Ior of −19 dB. The gain of other channels remain the same.

All measurement examples give BER results of DCCH, DTCH and DPCH.

Note

Considering that the rake receiver in 3GPPFDD_DL_Rx_RefCH model induces a delay of one frame, the first output frame from the receiver model must be discarded in a BER test.

In all examples (except UE_Rx_RefLevel_Without_IF.dsn) 4 data frames are simulated to give an illustration of the measurements. To have meaningful BER results, the simulation frame number must be substituted by a relative greater value. Their simulation results are displayed in UE_Rx_Results.dds with the selected data set.

This project also provides a long simulation example UE_Rx_RefLevel_Without_IF.dsn, in which 180 frames are measured. The BER versus noise figure curves are displayed in UE_Rx_RefLevel_Without_IF.dds

The following table depicts the common parameters setting in the example designs.

VAR Parameters

Parameter Name

Description

Default Value

SpecVersion

Specification version

2

SamplePerChip

Samples per chip

Depend on measurements

FrameNum

Number of frames to be measured

4

TimeStop

Stop point for timed measurement

FrameNum/10 (sec)

FilterLength

Filter length in terms of samples

16

FCarrier

RF frequency

2140 (MHz)

RF_BW

RF bandwidth

50 (MHz)

SignalPower

Signal power

10 (dBm)

NoiseFigure

Noise figure

11

VRef

Reference voltage for RF_Mod and RF_Demod model

8.9254 (V) for Maximum input level measurement
3.9291 (V) for other measurement

Ior_Power

Total transmit power of downlink

Depend on measurements

MaxDelay

Maximum delay samples in path searching

2 × FilterLength × SamplesPerChip+1

Parameters of data block size defined in BERsink_VAR are determined according to the reference measurement channel type. The default channel is 12.2 kbps as specified in TS 25.101. To set a different channel, designers can push into the 3GPPFDD_DL_Rx_RefCH model to get corresponding block size as reference.

Reference Sensitivity Level

UE_Rx_RefLevel.dsn Design

Features
  • measurement of user equipment receiver reference sensitivity level
  • downlink reference measurement channels including 1DPCH, 1PCCPCH, 1PSCH, 1SSCH, 1CPICH, and 1PICH
  • BER of DTCH, DCCH and DPCH

Description

This design measures user equipment receiver reference sensitivity levels according to section 7.3 in TS25.101. The schematic is shown in the following figure.

UE_Rx_RefLevel.dsn Schematic

Gain factors of RF models in this design are set according to the results of UE_Rx_DPCH_Ec_Validation.dsn or UE_Rx_Ior_Calibration.dsn to satisfy the following conditions:

  • DPCH_Ec __ = −117 dBm/3.84 MHz
  • = −106.7 dBm/3.84 MHz
  • BER performance cannot exceed 0.001.

Simulation Results

Simulation results are displayed in UE_Rx_Results.dds.

Benchmark
  • Hardware Platform: Pentium 4 2.2 GHz, 512 MB memory
  • Software Platform: Windows 2000, ADS 2003C
  • Data Points: 4 frames
  • Simulation Time: approximately 3 minutes

Reference Sensitivity Level Test Without IF to RF Converters

UE_Rx_RefLevel_Without_IF.dsn Design

Features
  • measurement of user equipment receiver reference sensitivity level
  • accelerated simulation by removing the IF to RF converters
  • BER curves

Description

This design measures the reference sensitivity level; IF to RF converters are removed for faster simulation.

The Ior value is set to −106.7 dBm, as required.

The BER is measured against the noise figure at the receiver. It is calibrated so that a BER of 0.1% can be achieved when noise figure is approximately 11 dB.

The schematic for this design is shown in the following figure.

UE_Rx_RefLevel_Without_IF.dsn Schematic

Simulation Results

Simulation results displayed in UE_Rx_RefLevel_Without_IF.dds are shown in the following figure.

Simulation Results

Benchmark
  • Hardware Platform: Pentium 4 2.2 GHz, 512 MB memory
  • Software Platform: Windows 2000, ADS 2003C
  • Data Points: 180 frames over 6 noise figure points
  • Simulation Time: approximately 3 minutes per 3 frames

Maximum Input Level BER Measurements

UE_Rx_MaxLevel.dsn Design

Features
  • measurement for user equipment receiver maximum input level
  • downlink reference measurement channels including 1DPCH, 1PCCPCH, 1PSCH, 1SSCH, 1CPICH, 1 PICH and 16 OCNS interferers
  • existing RF channel loss
  • BER of DTCH, DCCH and DPCH

Description

This design measures user equipment receiver maximum input level per section 7.4 in TS25.101. The schematic is shown in the following figure.

UE_Rx_MaxLevel.dsn Schematic

Gain factors of RF models in this design are set to satisfy a condition specified in TS 25.101:

  • __ = −25 dBm/3.84 MHz
  • DPCH_Ec/Ior = −19 dB
  • BER performance of DTCH and DCCH cannot exceed 0.001.

Simulation Results

Simulation results are displayed in UE_Rx_Results.dds.

Benchmark
  • Hardware Platform: Pentium 4 2.2 GHz, 512 MB memory
  • Software Platform: Windows 2000, ADS 2003C
  • Data Points: 4 frames
  • Simulation Time: approximately 3 minutes

Adjacent Channel Sensitivity Measurements

UE_Rx_ACS.dsn Design

Features
  • measurement of adjacent channel selectivity
  • downlink reference measurement channels including 1DPCH, 1PCCPCH, 1PSCH, 1SSCH, 1CPICH and 1PICH
  • existing adjacent channel signal and RF channel loss
  • BER of DTCH, DCCH and DPCH

Description

This design evaluates adjacent channel sensitivity (ACS) of user equipment receiver per section 7.5 in TS25.101. The schematic is shown in the following figure.

UE_Rx_ACS.dsn Schematic

Gain factors of RF models are set to satisfy the condition DPCH_Ec = −103dBm/3.84 MHz.

Simulation Results

Simulation results are displayed in UE_Rx_Results.dds.

Benchmark
  • Hardware Platform: Pentium 4 2.2 GHz, 512 MB memory
  • Software Platform: Windows 2000, ADS 2003C
  • Data Points: 4 frames
  • Simulation Time: approximately 4.5 minutes

Inband Blocking Characteristics

UE_Rx_In_Band_Blocking.dsn Design

Features
  • evaluation of user equipment receiver inband blocking characteristics
  • downlink reference measurement channels including 1DPCH, 1PCCPCH, 1PSCH, 1SSCH, 1CPICH and 1PICH
  • unwanted modulated interferer and RF channel loss
  • BER of DTCH, DCCH and DPCH

Description

This design evaluates user equipment receiver inband blocking characteristics per section 7.6 in TS25.101. The schematic is shown in the following figure.

UE_Rx_In_Band_Blocking.dsn Schematic

Gain factors of RF models are set according to the result of design UE_Rx_In_Band_Blocking_DPCH_Ec.dsn to satisfy the condition DPCH_Ec = −114 dBm/3.84 MHz

Simulation Results

Simulation results are displayed in UE_Rx_Results.dds.

Benchmark
  • Hardware Platform: Pentium 4 2.2 GHz, 512 MB memory
  • Software Platform: Windows 2000, ADS 2003C
  • Data Points: 4 frames
  • Simulation Time: approximately 9.5 minutes

Intermodulation Characteristics

UE_Rx_Intermod.dsn Design

Features
  • evaluation of user equipment receiver intermodulation characteristics
  • downlink reference measurement channels including 1DPCH, 1PCCPCH, 1PSCH, 1SSCH, 1CPICH and 1PICH
  • existing intermodulation response signals and RF channel loss
  • BER of DTCH, DCCH and DPCH

Description

This design evaluates user equipment receiver intermodulation characteristics per section 7.8 in TS25.101. The schematic is shown in the following figure.

UE_Rx_Intermod.dsn Schematic

In the RF channel, there are two intermodulation response signals that have a specific frequency relationship to the requisite signal.

  • One is a modulated signal that has +20 MHz offset of 2140 MHz; its power is -46 dBm/3.84MHz.
  • One is a continuous wave that has +10 frequency offset to 2140 MHz; its power is −46 dBm.

The frequency and power of these interferers are set in WCDMA3G_RF_IQ. Gain factors of RF models are adapted to satisfy the condition DPCH_Ec _ _ = −114 dBm/3.84 MHz per section 7.5.1 in TS 25.101.

Simulation Results

Simulation results are displayed in UE_Rx_Results.dds.

Benchmark
  • Hardware Platform: Pentium 4 2.2 GHz, 512 MB memory
  • Software Platform: Windows 2000, ADS 2003C
  • Data Points: 4 frames
  • Simulation Time: approximately 20 minutes

References

  1. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 25.101 V3.5.0, "UE Radio transmission and Reception (FDD)," December 2000.
  2. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 34.121 V3.3.0, "Radio transmission and reception (FDD)," December 2000.
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